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Pennsylvania Station, NYC (1910–1963) Architects: McKim, Mead & White. Built by: Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR). Penn Station was a monumental structure designed to celebrate rail travel. It opened in 1910 but was demolished in 1963 after only 53 years. It was located between 31st and 33rd Streets and 7th and 8th Avenues in Manhattan. The PRR also constructed a tunnel connecting Manhattan to the Hudson and East Rivers. The station's architecture was inspired by Roman architecture, particularly the Basilica of Constantine. The exterior featured massive Doric columns, and the interior featured a steel-and-glass train shed. The grand main waiting room was modeled after the Baths of Caracalla and boasted lavish interiors with coffered ceilings, travertine marble, and Décorative ironwork. However, by the 1950s, rail travel had declined due to the increased popularity of air travel and highways in the United States. Penn Station had become expensive to maintain and outdated. Demolition began in 1963 and was completed in 1966. Madison Square Garden was built on the site, and the station remains beneath it. |
Taksim Mosque, Istanbul (since 2021) The mosque is located in Taksim Square. After decades of political and legal battles, the mosque opened in 2021 and was inaugurated by President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. Unlike historic mosques, which are made of stone, the Taksim Mosque was constructed using modern materials. It includes a cultural center, an exhibition space, a library, and underground parking, integrating religious and public functions. It is located in front of the Taksim Square subway station and the iconic structures in the square that symbolize modern, secular Turkey. These include the Republic Monument (Cumhuriyet Anıtı), which commemorates the founding of the Turkish Republic in 1923. The monument features statues of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, İsmet İnönü, and Fevzi Çakmak. The Atatürk Cultural Center (AKM) is a major venue for opera, ballet, concerts, and theater. Originally opened in 1969, it was closed for renovations and rebuilt by 2021. Gezi Park is adjacent to the square. It was the epicenter of the 2013 Gezi Park protests against authoritarianism. |
| ◀︎ Pennsylvania Station, NYC | ▶︎ San Marco Cells |
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Another chronicle of the Imperial Décor Taksim, Istanbul6 / Penn Station, NYC Donatello / Ascension with Christ giving the Keys to St Peter |
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*Candy Factory Studio |
| *Candy Factory Projects |
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