The airspace over central Japan has been controlled by the U.S. military since the end of World War II known as “Yokota Airspace”. It extends north from the Izu Peninsula of Shizuoka Prefecture to Niigata Prefecture. Commercial aircraft cannot enter this airspace for landings and departures at Tokyo's Haneda Airport without U.S. military approval until now.
The Narita Internationa Airport was built at approximately 60 kilometers (37 mi) far away from the central Tokyo during 6-70's. Farms and villages around Sanrizuka in Narita city were demolished by the Japanese government in order to build the New Tokyo International Airport. There were long-standing protests by local farmers and student radicals during the 1960s and 70s and is still under dispute today.
Some of the activists acquired and shared a small plot of land (One -tsubo / about 3.3m² ) in protest of the eviction. Some established themselves as farmers, living inside of the airport compound.
The Airport was finally opened in 1978. The local community was destroyed after a long struggle and many of villagers left. There were internal disputes between opposition groups of radicals and villagers during 1980's.
Today there are still some pending court cases on land right issues left to be resolved. Three of the farms were kept running inside of the Airport stopping the expansion plan. Since its opening, the use of the airport has been restricted to daytime traffic only due to noise-pollution effecting the surrounding residential area.
Narita airport can be seen as an example of a badly implemented national development strategy, and deemed a failure. Its original function as an international airport for Tokyo has been partially re-taken by Tokyo Haneda airport.
1.TO OUR GOOD AND LOYAL SUBJECTS, 2. To strive for the common prosperity and happiness of all nations as well as the security and well-being of our subjects is the solemn obligation which has been handed down by our imperial ancestors and which lies close to Our heart. Indeed, WE declared war on America and Britain out of our sincere desire to ensure Japan's self-preservation and the stabilization of East Asia, it being far from our thought either to infringe upon the sovereignty of other nations or to embark upon territorial aggrandizement. But now the war has lasted for nearly four years. Despite the best that has been done by everyone – the gallant fighting of the military and naval forces, the diligence and assiduity of our servants of the state, and the devoted service of our one hundred million people – the war situation has developed not necessarily to Japan's advantage, while the general trends of the world have all turned against her interest. Moreover, the enemy has begun to employ a new and most cruel bomb, the power of which to do damage is, indeed, incalculable, taking the toll of many innocent lives. 3. Should WE continue to fight, not only would it result in an ultimate collapse and obliteration of the Japanese nation, |
4. WE cannot but express the deepest sense of regret to our allied nations of East Asia, who have consistently cooperated with the Empire towards the emancipation of East Asia. The thought of those officers and men as well as others who have fallen in the fields of battle, those who died at their posts of duty, or those who met with untimely death and all their bereaved families, pains our heart night and day. The welfare of the wounded and the war-sufferers, and of those who have lost their homes and livelihood, are the objects of our profound solicitude. The hardships and sufferings to which our nation is to be subjected hereafter will be certainly great. WE are keenly aware of the inmost feelings of all of you, our subjects. However, it is according to the dictates of time and fate that We have resolved to pave the way for a grand peace for all the generations to come by enduring the unendurable and suffering what is insufferable. Having been able to safeguard and maintain the Kokutai, WE are always with you, our good and loyal subjects, relying upon your sincerity and integrity. Beware most strictly of any outbursts of emotion which may engender needless complications, or any fraternal contention and strife which may create confusion, lead you astray and cause you to lose the confidence of the world. Let the entire nation continue as one family from generation to generation, ever firm in its faith in the imperishability of its sacred land, and mindful of its heavy burden of responsibility, and of the long road before it. Unite your total strength, to be devoted to construction for the future. Cultivate the ways of rectitude, foster nobility of spirit, and work with resolution – so that you may enhance the innate glory of the imperial state and keep pace with the progress of the world. |
| *WE -- (朕), (imperial) I, me (similar to the royal we) |
STATEMENTS / TAKUJI KOGO + YOUNG HAE CHANG HEAVY INDUSTRIES
STATEMENTS ( UKRAINIAN / JAPANESE )/ TAKUJI KOGO + YOUNG HAE CHANG HEAVY INDUSTRIES
自粛中継 / Self-Censored Live Broadcast
1988年9月、昭和天皇の吐血報道から翌年1月の崩御までの4ヶ月間、日本国内の各TV局はCM、バラエティー番組等を自粛、深夜放送では病状の推移を皇居正門前、二重橋の中継映像とともに放映した。
At the end of 1988, after receiving the news of the Emperor Showa Hirohito's collapse in September until his death in January 1989, the Japanese network TV refrained from showing advertisements and entertainment programs. During those four months the bridge in front of the main gate of the Emperors Palace in Tokyo was continuously broadcast at night together with announcements of the Emperors medical condition.
A public housing at outskirt of Tokyo next to Atsugi U.S Air Base. During the 80s the Japanese government set up a detention centre for refugees from the Vietnam War and following conflicts in Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam next to the U.S air base where the public housing project become the home for them. Many of refugees from these countries have Chinese backgrounds. Also since the 80s Japanese orphans in China after the WW2 have been returning to Japan and some of them moved into Icho Danchi to seek the chinese speaking community. Since then many of immigrants from different countries have been moving here and there are different communities speaking 5 to 6 each different languages.
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NUNOTANI / TAKUJI KOGO + MIKE BODE
EISENMAN ARCHITECTS THE ZENIDAKA CORPORATIONS + DESIGN COMPANY OF NUNOTANI COMPANY, BUILT IN 1991 EDOGAWA TOKYO JAPAN Built as the main office building of the design company NUNOTANI corporation's Tokyo branch at the total cost of 2500,000,000 yen in 1991. However the building's function soon turned into a warehouse. The NUNOTANI corporation went bankrupt in 2000 largely due to the investments the company had made at the end of the bubble economy in Japan. The administration of property Osaka district court has had the building and the site up for sale since 2000. A company " Life support" finally bought the dilapidated building at an auction in 2003 for 400,000,000 yen and subsequently converted the building into the old-age peoples home YURARI EDOGAWA GREEN PARK. The building was renovated by the Architect Takao Kase.
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